On Hom-Lie superbialgebras

The purpose of this paper is to generalize to $\mathbb{Z}_2$-graded case the study of Hom-Lie bialgebras which were discussed first by D. Yau, then by C. Bai and Y. Sheng. We provide different ways for constructing Hom-Lie superbialgebras. Also we define Matched pairs, Manin supertriples and discuss their relationships. Moreover, we study coboundary and triangular Hom-Lie bialgebras, as well as infinitesimal deformations of the cobracket.Comment: 22 page

Introduction to Transformation Towards Cloud Computing Minitrack

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Cloud computing : developing a cost estimation model for customers

Cloud computing is an essential part of the digital transformation journey. It offers many benefits to organisations, including the advantages of scalability and agility. Cloud customers see cloud computing as a moving train that every organisation needs to catch. This means that adoption decisions are made quickly in order to keep up with the new trend. Such quick decisions have led to many disappointments for cloud customers and have questioned the cost of the cloud. This is also because there is a lack of criteria or guidelines to help cloud customers get a complete picture of what is required of them before they go to the cloud. From another perspective, as new technologies force changes to the organizational structure and business processes, it is important to understand how cloud computing changes the IT and non-IT departments and how can this be translated into costs. Accordingly, this research uses the total cost of ownership approach and transaction cost theory to develop a customer-centric model to estimate the cost of cloud computing. The Research methodology used the Design Science Research approach. Expert interviews were used to develop the model. The model was then validated using four case studies. The model, named Sunny, identifies many costs that need to be estimated, which will help to make the cloud-based digital transformation journey less cloudy. The costs include Meta Services, Continuous Contract management, Monitoring and ITSM Adjustment. From an academic perspective, this research highlights the management efforts required for cloud computing and how misleading the rapid provision potential of the cloud resources can be. From a business perspective, proper estimation of these costs would help customers make informed decisions and vendors make realistic promises.Cloud Computing ist ein wesentlicher Bestandteil der Digitalisierung. Es bietet Unternehmen viele Vorteile, wie Skalierbarkeit und Agilität. Cloud-Kunden sehen Cloud Computing als einen Zug, auf den jedes Unternehmen aufspringen muss. Das bedeutet, dass Einführungsentscheidungen schnell getroffen werden, um mit dem neuen Trend Schritt zu halten. Solche Schnellschüsse haben zu vielen Enttäuschungen bei Cloud-Kunden geführt und die Kosten der Cloud in Frage gestellt. Dies ist auch darauf zurückzuführen, dass es keine Kriterien oder Leitlinien gibt, die den Cloud-Kunden helfen, sich ein vollständiges Bild davon zu machen, was von ihnen erwartet wird, bevor sie in die Cloud gehen. Aus einem anderen Blickwinkel ist es wichtig zu verstehen, wie Cloud Computing IT- und Nicht-IT-Abteilungen verändert und wie sich dies auf die Kosten auswirkt, da neue Technologien Veränderungen in der Organisationsstruktur und den Geschäftsprozessen erzwingen. Dementsprechend werden in dieser Forschungsarbeit der Total Cost of Ownership-Ansatz und die Transaktionskostentheorie verwendet, um ein kundenorientiertes Modell zur Schätzung der Kosten von Cloud Computing zu entwickeln. Die Forschungsmethodik basiert auf dem Design Science Research Ansatz. Zur Entwicklung des Modells wurden Experteninterviews durchgeführt. Anschließend wurde das Modell anhand von vier Fallstudien validiert. Das Modell mit dem Namen Sunny identifiziert viele Kosten, die geschätzt werden müssen, um die Reise zur digitalen Transformation in der Cloud weniger wolkig zu gestalten. Zu diesen Kosten gehören Meta-Services, kontinuierliches Vertragsmanagement, Überwachung und ITSM-Anpassung. Aus akademischer Sicht verdeutlicht diese Forschung, welcher Verwaltungsaufwand für Cloud Computing erforderlich ist und wie irreführend das schnelle Bereitstellungspotenzial von Cloud-Ressourcen sein kann. Aus Unternehmenssicht würde eine korrekte Einschätzung dieser Kosten den Kunden helfen, fundierte Entscheidungen zu treffen, und den Anbietern, realistische Versprechungen zu machen

Shear Capacity of Fiber Reinforced Concrete (FRC) Beams with Openings Strengthened using various systems and materials

This study presents the findings of an experiment conducted on eleven identical fiber-reinforced concrete beams with two large rectangular openings strategically positioned at the maximum shear zone. The primary objective of the experiment was to compare various strengthening techniques for these beams. The beams were subjected to two-point loading while supported in a simply supported manner. Two reference specimens were included: a solid control beam and a control beam with two large openings. The remaining beams were externally strengthened using a range of methods around the openings, including vertical and inclined schemes. Strengthening materials such as GFRP sheets, steel plates, steel bars, epoxy Sikadur 31cf, and GFRP bars with epoxy were utilized. The study focused on investigating parameters of interest, including shear capacity, failure mode, ultimate and first cracking load, crack pattern, ductility, and beam stiffness. The introduction of web openings resulted in a reduction of approximately 59.8% in shear capacity compared to a control solid beam. However, the application of strengthening techniques proved effective in enhancing shear capacity, first crack strength, and load-deflection behavior. The strengthening materials restored shear capacity by 40% to 146% and reduced deflection by 27.5% to 62.5% compared to the reference beam with openings. Ductility increased by 4% to 106%, and stiffness improved by 7% to 97% compared to the control beam with openings. The inclined reinforcement scheme exhibited greater efficacy in enhancing the load-carrying capability of the beams. Among the various strengthening materials employed, inclined GFRP sheets demonstrated the highest effectiveness and superior performance

Shear Capacity of Fiber Reinforced Concrete (FRC) Beams with Openings Strengthened using various systems and materials

This study presents the findings of an experiment conducted on eleven identical fiber-reinforced concrete beams with two large rectangular openings strategically positioned at the maximum shear zone. The primary objective of the experiment was to compare various strengthening techniques for these beams. The beams were subjected to two-point loading while supported in a simply supported manner. Two reference specimens were included: a solid control beam and a control beam with two large openings. The remaining beams were externally strengthened using a range of methods around the openings, including vertical and inclined schemes. Strengthening materials such as GFRP sheets, steel plates, steel bars, epoxy Sikadur 31cf, and GFRP bars with epoxy were utilized. The study focused on investigating parameters of interest, including shear capacity, failure mode, ultimate and first cracking load, crack pattern, ductility, and beam stiffness. The introduction of web openings resulted in a reduction of approximately 59.8% in shear capacity compared to a control solid beam. However, the application of strengthening techniques proved effective in enhancing shear capacity, first crack strength, and load-deflection behavior. The strengthening materials restored shear capacity by 40% to 146% and reduced deflection by 27.5% to 62.5% compared to the reference beam with openings. Ductility increased by 4% to 106%, and stiffness improved by 7% to 97% compared to the control beam with openings. The inclined reinforcement scheme exhibited greater efficacy in enhancing the load-carrying capability of the beams. Among the various strengthening materials employed, inclined GFRP sheets demonstrated the highest effectiveness and superior performance